Improvement in apparatus for generating carbonic-acid gas



A KAYSER. APPARATUS FOR GENERATING CARBON'IC ACIDGAS.

Patented Aug.22,1876.

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N-PETERS FNOTO-UTHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D. C.

UNITED STATES.

PATENT O FICE ADOLPH KAYSER, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOB TO BASOAL P.I PRATT, OF SAME PLACE. i

IMPROVEMENT IN APPARATUS FOR GENERATING CAR-BONlC-ACID GAS.

Specification forming part'of Letters Patent No. 81,268, dated August22, 1876; application filed June 30, 1876.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ADOLPH KAYSER, of the city of Buffalo, in the countyof Erie and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Apparatusfor Generating Carbonic-Acid Gas, which im-%provements are fully set forth in the following; specification,reference being had to the accompanying drawing.

My improvements relate to an apparatus composed of an outer tight shellor case, partly filled with an alkali solution, and an inneracid-reservoir arranged above the level of the alkali solution, andprovided with adischarge-opening, which is opened and closed by asuitable valve actuated by a rod projecting through the top cover oftheapparatus. My invention consists of certain means for,

bringing the acid in contact with the alkali in the most direct manner,and for rendering the movements of thev-alve-rod easy, and at the .sametime gas-tight, as will be hereinafter fully explained.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a vertical section-of myimproved apparatus. Fig. 2 is a top-plan view thereof. Fig. 3 is adetached sectional view, on an enlarged scale,

.d is the bottom of the acid-receptacle, composed of lead, glass, orother suitable material,

and provided with a central opening, through. which the acid isdischarged. 6 represents the valve for regulating the discharge of theacid;

through this opening. It is secured to the lower end of the .stem or-rodf, so as to bear; against the under. side of the bottom (1 of theacid-reservoir, as clearly shown; The valvestem f passes through anopening in the cover B, and is provided above the latter with a knob ordisk,f,'for conveniently operating it.

g is a spiral spring, interposed between the knob f and the cover B ofthe apparatus, so as to hold the valve 0 tightly against its seat. Thestem f is guided in the cover B by two glands or sleeves, H H, screwedinto the cover B from opposite sides, and provided with an interposedpacking-ring, h. The opening in the latter is made somewhat larger thanthe stem f, so that the packing does not bear against the latter. h is aring or collar, fitting loosely on the stem f, and arranged with in thepacking-ring h, so as to prevent the latter from pressing against thestem f when being compressed by the glands H H- The lower sleeve H isconstructed with an extension, '5, to which is secured the upper end ofa short tube or sleeve, 79, of rubber or other flex-ible material, whilethe lower. end of the tube 70 is secured to the valve-stem f. As shownin the drawing, the extension 1 and stem f are each provided with anannular groove, over which the ends of the rubber tube is are se-- curedby winding wires around them, as clearly represented in Fig. 3. j

The pliability of the tube It permits the valve-stem, which fitslooselyin the glands'H H, to be raised and lowered with great case,while it forms a gas-tight connection between the two parts. l

j represents an opening formed in the cover B for introducing the acidinto the receptacle 0. The opening j is closed by a screw-plug, as shownin Fig. 1, or in any other suitable manner. M represents a cylinder, ofcast or wroughtiron or similar material, in closing the lead cylinder 0,so as to prevent the same from being bent or otherwise displaced orinjured in shipping the apparatus. m represents openings formed in theupper part of the acid-reservoir O and inclosing-cylinder M, so as toadmit the gas into the reservoir 0, thereby equalizing the pressurewithin and without the same, and permitting the free escape of the acidwhen the'valve is opened. a represents a'perforated late or diaphragm,arranged above the bot om of the cylinder A, so as to form a shallowchamber between theni. n is a pipe secured to the under side of thebottom 61 of the acid receptacle. It penetrates the perforated plate a,and terminates at a short distance above the bottom of the cylincratescarbonic-acid gas.

der A, as clearly shown in Fig. 1. l is an opening formed in the cover Bfor introducing the alkali into the cylinder A. It is closed by asuitable plate, held in place by a bail and set-screw, in a commonmanner. 0 represents the gas-escape aperture, through'which the gas istaken from the apparatus under the full pressure. It is provided with asuitable faucet or valve for opening and closing it. 1) represents thesecond gas-escape aperture, also provided with a stop cook or valve, 19,and leading to an automaticpressure-valve,

P, by which the gas-pressure is reduced to a point at which it can besafely admitted to casks containing malt liquors and similar liquidswithout danger of causin g them to leak, or interfering with the drawingofl' of the liquid;

In charging the apparatus the cylinder A is filled with water to withina short distance from the bottom of the acid-vessel, as represented inFig. 1. A quantity of alkalipreferably, bicarbonate of soda-suitable tothe size of the apparatus is then introduced through the opening I. Asmall portion of alkali is dissolved by the water, while theremainderdescends and settles upon the perforated plate a, or, passingthrough the openings thereof, lodges on the bottom of the cylinder A. Aproportionate quantity of sulphuric acid is then introduced into thereceptacle 0 through the opening y, when both openings are secure 1yclosed.

. By pressing upon the knob f the valve e is opened, and the acidpermitted to escape into the tube a, by which it is conducted directlyacid from being carried up by the gas into the alkali solution, andinsures the production of perfectly pure carbonic-acid gas. When thedesired quantity of sulphuric acid has been admitted to the vessel A,the knob f is released, when the valve 0 is closed by the spring, andthe generation of gas arrested.

The gas generated directly underneath the tube a accumulates in theupper portion *thereof, and displaces the alkali solution containedtherein, so that the tube a is filled for the greater part of its heightwith gas only. By this means the acid discharged from the vessel (J isenabled to reach the undissolved alkali on the bottom of the apparatusquicker and in a lessdiluted state than when it is allowed to descendthrough the entire body of alkali solution,thereby making the generationof the gas instantaneously, or immediately following the opening of thevalve 0. The gas contained within the tube a is subjected to a slightpressure, corresponding with the difference in the heights of the liquidlevels within and around the tube n, whereby the gas is caused to pressagainst the under side of the bottom of the acid-vessel G, and anyleakage of the acid through the opening in the bottom thereby prevented.By admitting a greater or less quantity of sulphuric acid to the vesselA, any desired quantity and pressure of gas can be produced in myapparatus. The gas required for the manufacture of soda-water is drawnofi by the aperture 0, while the other aperture, 19, provided with theautomatic valve 1?, is connected, with the cask containing the maltliquor. The vessel A is, preferably, provided with a pressure-gage, fordetermining when the desired quantity of gas has been generated, andwith a safety-valve to prevent an excessive pressure being produced.sulphuric acid discharged from the vessel 0 is brought in direct contactwith the layer of alkali on the bottom of the vessel by the pipe n,whereby it is completely absorbed or neutralized, and any injuryto themetallic surfaces prevented. The valve-rod e and stem f are, preferably,constructed of steel, and covered with lead, to prevent their corrosionby the sulphuric acid.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- l. The combination, with thegeneratingvessel A B and acid-receptacle O, of the perforateddiaphragm nand the tube a, opening into the space between the diaphragm a and thebottom of the vessel A, substantially as and for the purposehereinbefore set forth.

2. The combination, with the movable rod f and stationary guide 7:, ofthe flexible tube 70, secured to the same, as described, for forming agas-tight joint between the parts, while permitting the rod to be easilymoved, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

3. The combination, with the movable rod f and glands H H, of theflexible tube k, packing-ring h, and collar 11/, substantially as andfor the purpose hercinbefore set forth.

4. A carbonic-acid-gas generator, composed of the vessel A B,acid-receptacle O, perforated diaphragm n, tube a, valveand stem 0], andspring 9, substantially as shown and described.

A. KAYSER. Witnesses i EDWARD WILiIELM, Ones. J. Buonnnrcr.

The-

